Ok, I'll bite.
edit: To summarize for those who can't read posts longer than 3 lines: be careful where you leave your illegal xit.
First take a look at the Constitution. The fourth amendment clearly states:
QUOTE
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
For more info see
US Constitution: 4th amendmentThis applies to search warrants which must specify not only
what they are searching for, but also
where they are allowed to search.
Any evidence found outside the scope of the search cannot be used against you in a court of law.
The only exception to this, that I am aware of, is the plain-view doctrine. ref. Arizona v. Hicks, 480 U.S. 321, 107 S.Ct. 1149, 94 L.Ed.2d 347 (1987).
In order for this to apply there are many requirements:
1. The officer must be
legally present where the object is seen.
If the officer is searching for a television, and finds a kilo of cocaine in your dresser drawer, you cannot be charged with the cocaine. The officer does not have the authority to open your drawer unless it is of sufficient size to hold a television (in which case you would be fuxor).
2. It must be immediately apparent that the item is subject to seizure. Recognition must be immediate and not the result of further prying or investigation.
Arizona v. Hicks: Search warrant was issued for Hicks and weapons. While there the police suspected two expensive stereo systems in a shabby apartment of being stolen. They ran the serial numbers, and no surprise they were stolen, but they were dropped from the charges since it was not
immediately apparent and required further investigation.
There are a few more requirements, if you care then do your own research. If not, don't.